How loud will it go, and how many watts does that take?

Enter sensitivity, power and distance to get the level at your seat — or set a target level and find the power it needs. Includes the 2.83 V correction most calculators skip.

Your setup

Solve for level, or for the power to reach a level.

977 passive speakers on file — picking one fills in its sensitivity and impedance for you.
dB
The figure on the spec sheet. Almost always measured at 2.83 V/1 m.
Needed to turn a 2.83 V rating into watts. A 4 ohm speaker loses 3 dB here.
W
m
This is the term calculators disagree about. It changes the answer by a lot.
Level at the seat
 

 

Show the working

    What each power figure buys you

    PowerLevel at your seatVersus 1 watt

    Doubling power buys 3 dB, which is barely a noticeable change. Ten times the power buys 10 dB, which is roughly "twice as loud" to the ear. This is why 200 W is not twice as loud as 100 W.

    How this is worked out

    SPL = sensitivity − voltage correction − distance loss + pair bonus + 10·log10(watts)

    The correction most calculators skip

    Sensitivity is nearly always published as dB at 2.83 V / 1 m, not dB per watt. 2.83 V into 8 ohms happens to be exactly 1 watt, so for an 8 ohm speaker the two are the same. Into 4 ohms it is 2 watts — so the same published number is worth 3 dB less per watt. Skip that and you will underestimate what a 4 ohm speaker needs by a factor of two.

    The term that is a judgement call

    How fast sound falls off with distance. Outdoors it is 6 dB per doubling — the inverse square law. In a sealed pressure chamber it is 0. A furnished room sits between, and 3 dB per doubling is the honest working figure. It is a control on this page rather than a hidden constant, because it changes the answer by more than any other input.

    What the numbers mean

    • +3 dB needs double the power, and is just about audible.
    • +10 dB needs ten times the power, and sounds roughly twice as loud.
    • 85 dB is comfortable background; 95 dB is normal enthusiast listening; 105 dB is cinema reference peak.
    • Sustained exposure above 85 dB causes hearing damage over hours, and above 100 dB in minutes.

    To skip the arithmetic and get real models, the amplifier matcher runs this same calculation against every speaker and amplifier we cover.

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